نساء الساحل السوري … نحن الخاسر الاكبر من الحرب
ليلى جديد
تسير “أم حسان” المرأة السبعينية في بستان التفاح وهي تتفقد أحواله المزرية وكأنها تواسيه على الإهمال الحاصل بحقه، تتلفت في أرجاء البستان وتتذكر يوم كان يضج بالحياة وأصوات ضربات معولي ولديها “علي” و”محمد” وهما يحفران حول الشجرة لتسميدها أو أصوات مقصاتهما عندما كانا يقومان بتشذيب الشجر وتقليمه، تنظر “أم حسان” إلى البستان وتتمتم بحزن: «سامحنا.. الشباب الذين كانوا يعتنون بك رحلوا، حتى أنت لم تنجُ من الحرب..حتى أنت»
لم تعتقد “أم حسان” يوماً أن تعود للعمل في الأرض بعد أن كبر أولادها فبحسب تعبيرها القروي البسيط ظنت أن الحياة أحالتها للتقاعد والراحة لكنها اكتشفت لاحقاً أنها كانت مجرد إجازة قصيرة.
تخبرنا “أم حسان” التي لا تعرف شيئاً عن الحرب سوى أنها سرقت منها أغلى مافي حياتها وهما ولداها “علي” و “محمد” تخبرنا أنه في هذه القرية الصغيرة النائية في ريف اللاذقية توجد أربع أوخمس نساء مثلها، مثل “أم حسان” لتوضح لنا أن الكارثة الواقعة بسبب الحرب طالت حتى هذه القرية الصغيرة البعيدة عن الغارات والقذائف والاشتباكات، تقول “أم حسان”: «هنا لدينا مثل يقول:(الرزق يذهب مع صاحبه) انظر إلى الشجر ليخبرك بصحة هذا المثل.. فبعد رحيل ولديّ أصبحت الأرض مهملة إذ لم يبقَ لدي سوى ابني البكر “حسان” والذي لا يستطيع العمل لوحده في أرضٍ كان يتعاون ثلاثة أشقاءٍ على العمل بها، لذا أحياناً أحاول أنا أن أساعده».
لأم وسيم قصة تشبه في وجعها قصة “أم حسان” فقد اضطرت أيضاً أن تعود إلى عملها القديم في الخياطة بعد رحيل ولدها “وسيم” الذي ترك وراءه أسرة مكونةً من أم وزوجة وطفلين صغيرين دون معيل يساعدهما على الصمود أمام مطالب الحياة.
تتحدث إلينا “أم وسيم” وهي جالسة خلف ماكينة الخياطة قائلة: «بعد أن تقدمت في العمر قليلاً ضعف بصري وأصبحت مهنة الخياطة مجهدة بالنسبة لي، قام “وسيم” حينها بمنعي عن مزاولتها ووضع الماكينة على السقيفة، لكن بعد موته لم يبقَ لنا معيل في هذه الدنيا سواها لذا أرجعتها وعدت للعمل، ربما هي مجهدة لي ولصحتي لكن ما الخيار البديل؟ نموت جوعاً؟ بالطبع لا.. كما أن مهنة الخياطة عادت لسابق عهدها تقريباً نتيجة تردي الوضع الاقتصادي، فقد أصبحت الناس تلجأ للخياطة لإصلاح ملابسها أو تفصيل ملابس جديدة كونها أوفر من البضاعة الجاهزة».
تختصر كل من قصتي “أم حسان” و “أم وسيم” الوضع الكارثي الحاصل في الساحل السوري، رغم أن النساء قبل الحرب كن يشاركن الرجل العديد من الأعمال وخاصةً الزراعة إلا أن الحرب وفقدان العديد من الرجال على جبهات القتال وضع المرأة في سوريا بشكل عام وفي الساحل السوري بشكل خاص تحت الأمر الواقع دافعاً إياها إلى العمل بشكل مضاعف وأخد مكان الرجل بشكل شبه كامل.
من ناحية أخرى وبعيداً قليلاً عن “أم حسان” و “أم وسيم” وفي إحدى قرى ريف الدريكيش تنتظر “مرام” على أحرّ من الجمر أي خبر يقطع الشك باليقين حول مصير خطيبها “فراس” الذي فُقدَ منذ 5 أعوام على إحدى جبهات القتال مع فصائل المعارضة.
تقول “مرام”:«خطبني فراس بعد حب دام عدة سنوات، بعد أن تخرج من كلية الفنون الجميلة حاول فراس جاهداً السفر خارج البلاد لكن جميع الأبواب أغلقت في وجهه، وفي أحد الأيام أُلقيَ القبض عليه وتم سوقه للخدمة الإلزامية لتتعرض ثكنته بعد عدة أشهر لهجوم مسلح ويختفي فراس، بعض رفاقه ادعى أنه رأى جثته والبعض الآخر أكد أنه تم اختطافه والآن مر على ذاك اليوم 5 سنوات وأربعة أشهر وأنا انتظر…»
مرام ليست الوحيدة التي تعيش ألم وأمل الانتظار فالعديد من النسوة في الساحل السوري يعشن حالات مشابهة وينتظرن عودة أحد أحبائهن الذين فُقدوا في المعارك دون أن يتحدد مصيرهم، فيما تبدو وزارة المصالحة في الحكومة السورية عاجزة عن إيضاح مصير هؤلاء المختطفين والمفقودين الذين وصل عددهم للآلاف.
تؤكد لنا “سهير” أنها راجعت وزارة المصالحة في دمشق مايزيد عن 10 مرات وفي كل مرة كان يقال لها أن هناك تقدم في ملف زوجها الذي كان يعمل مهندساً للبترول في حقول النفط في تدمر وفُقدَ أثناء اندلاع الاشتباكات حينها، تقول لنا “سهير”: «أحياناً أشعر أنني بت أذهب لوزارة المصالحة فقط لأسمع وعودهم وأتسلح بالأمل، لكن حتى الأمل نفسه يصبح أحياناً حارقاً وموجعاً، وحالتي كحال العديد من النسوة وأهالي المختطفين والمفقودين الذين تراهم يراجعون الوزارة، لا خيار أمامنا سوى الانتظار والأمل».
في هذه الحرب يؤكد أغلب سكان الساحل علانية وقوفهم إلى جانب السلطة السورية حيث قاتل غالبيتهم إلى جانبها في الجيش أو في الأمن أو الميلشيات الرديفة له وتجاوز عدد خسائرهم من الذكور 125 ألف قتيل، في النهاية نساء الساحل السوري هن اللواتي دفعن ويدفعن الجزء الأكبر من هذه الضريبة، فهذه هي الحرب التي أخذت رجالهن حطباً لنار القتال
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